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Influence of Paired-Row Spacing and Fertilizer Placement on Yield and Root Diseases of Direct-Seeded Wheat

R.James Cooka, Bonnie H. Ownleyb, Hao Zhangc and Dan Vakochc

a Dep. of Plant Pathology, Washington State Univ., P.O. Box 646430, Pullman, WA 99164-6430 USA
b Entomology and Plant Pathology Dep., Institute of Agriculture, The Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA
c Program in Statistics, Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA 99164 USA



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Fig. 1 Box plots of the yields of soft white winter wheat direct-seeded at the indicated locations with (+) and without (-) soil fumigation in rows spaced uniformly (U) at 30 cm apart or in pairs (P) spaced 18 cm apart with 42 cm between the paired rows, (A) all treatments, (B) only those treatments with wheat straw on the soil surface, and (C) only those treatments with bare soil. White bars are the yield means and brackets are the yield extremes

 


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Fig. 2 Box plots of the yields of soft white winter wheat in response to all fertilizer in a deep band below the seed and direct-seeded at the indicated locations with (+) and without (-) soil fumigation in rows spaced uniformly (U) at 30 cm apart or in pairs (P) spaced 18 cm apart with 42 cm between paired rows, (A) all treatments, (B) only those treatments with wheat straw on the soil surface, and (C) only those treatments with bare soil. White bars are the yield means and brackets are the yield extremes

 


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Fig. 3 Box plots of the yields of soft white winter wheat in response to all fertilizer in a deep band between every two rows and direct-seeded at the indicated locations with (+) and without (-) soil fumigation in rows spaced uniformly (U) at 30 cm apart or in pairs (P) spaced 18 cm apart with 42 cm between paired rows, (A) all treatments, (B) only those treatments with wheat straw on the soil surface, and (C) only those treatments with bare soil. White bars are the yield means and brackets are the yield extremes

 


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Fig. 4 Box plots of the yields of soft white spring wheat on the Palouse Conservation Field Station, Pullman, in plots fumigated just prior to direct-seeding, one year earlier, or not fumigated and planted in rows spaced uniformly (U) at 30 cm apart or in pairs (P) spaced 18 cm apart with 42 cm between the paired rows. White bars are the yield means and brackets are the yield extremes

 





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