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Identification of Soybean Plant Characteristics That Indicate the Timing of Drought Stress

^a INRA, Station de Génétique et d'Amélioration des plantes, 34130 Mauguio, France
^b Cantho Univ., Dep. of Genetics and Plant Breeding, 30 April Street, Cantho, Viet Nam

View larger version (26K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1 Appearance of reproductive organs on the mainstem of Weber soybean as a function of cumulative degree-days (base 0°C), under well-watered conditions (Flo: first flower, Pod: first pod, Seed: first seed, Fin.S.A: final stage in seed abortion). VS, FS, PLS, and SFS represent the following stress periods: vegetative, flowering, pod lengthening, seed filling, respectively

View larger version (26K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2 Leaf water potential of Weber soybean cultivated under well-watered conditions (control) or under drought stress treatments differing by their intensity levels (1 = moderate, 2 = severe) and timing: flowering (FS), pod lengthening (PLS), seed filling (SFS), during the 2-yr experimental period (1993 and 1994)

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3 Notation scale for Weber nodes according to the stage of axillary leaf development in the control treatment. The two horizontal arrows indicate the period of applied treatments (FS or PLS)

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4 Mainstem internode length of Weber soybean cultivated under well-watered conditions (control) or under drought stress during flowering (FS) or during pod lengthening (PLS). Each point represents a mean of six measurements and stars indicate significant differences from the control. The two vertical arrows indicate node ranks that were emitted during treatments (FS or PLS)

View larger version (26K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5 Number of pods produced per gram of vegetative dry matter, as a percentage of Weber soybean control, for the two experimental years. Each point represents a mean of 10 plants. Stars indicate significant differences from the control at the 0.05 significance level for all points accompanied by vertical line. A lack of a star means no difference from the control

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6 Pattern for the number of seeds per pod in Weber soybean plants cultivated under well-watered conditions (control) and under drought stress during seed filling (SFS1, SFS2) differing by intensity level (1 = moderate, 2 = severe) in 1994. Each point is the mean of 10 plants, crosses indicate significant differences from the control at the 0.05 significance level

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7 Patterns for the individual seed weight (mg) of Weber soybean plants cultivated under well-watered conditions (Control), and under drought stress applied during the vegetative period (VS), flowering (FS), pod lengthening (PLS) and seed-filling period (SFS: intensity level 1 = moderate, 2 = severe) in 1994

View larger version (26K): [in a new window]   Fig. 8 Yield elaboration course for Weber soybean subjected to drought stress during the vegetative period (a), flowering (b), pod lengthening (c), and seed filling (d). Internode length (i.n.l), number of pods per vegetative dry matter (pod/vdm), number of seed per pod (seed/pod) and individual seed weight (i.s.w) are plotted on the x-axis according to the end of elaboration period and on the y-axis as a percentage of control. Each point is the mean of 10 plants. Stars indicate significant differences from the control at the 0.05 significance level. Vertical lines accompanying stars indicate that the differences are significant for all points. A lack of a star means no difference from the control