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Comparative Morphology of Haploids from Cultivated Alfalfa, Medicago sativa L.¹

Eight haploids (2n=2x=16) of cultivated alfalfa Medicago sativa L. (2n=4x=32) isolated after 4x–2x crosses were compared morphologically with each other and with the four tetraploids from which they were derived. Haploids in general had smaller leaves and flowers, distinctive leaflet shape, lacked normal leaflet serrations, and had fewer stomatal chloroplasts than their tetraploid parents. The most definitive morphological characteristic was the lack of normal serrations. All haploids could be propagated by shoot cuttings. Seven of the haploids expressed abnormal morphological, anatomical, or physiological characteristics. Deleterious genes revealed in the haploid state and use of morphology in screening for haploids were discussed.

Key Words: Anatomy • Physiology • Gamete • Gene

² Agronomy Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. 53706.

Received for publication April 24, 1969.