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Influence of Triticum timopheevi Cytoplasm on the Quality of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)¹

Grain from male sterile ‘Bison’ wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was lower in test weight and gave lower yields of flour with higher protein content than grain from fertile Bison. This probably was caused by lower seed set and yield of the sterile Bison. Mixing data on grain from male sterile and fertile Bison produced in 1966 and 1967 indicated that Triticum timopheevi Zhuk. cytoplasm did not markedly influence mixing characteristics. Mixing characteristics of flour from male sterile lines of Bison, ‘Sturdy,’ ‘Imp. Triumph,’ ‘Parker,’ and ‘Knox’ grown in 1968 were markedly impaired compared to those of flour from fertile lines. In another experiment, the mixing and baking characteristics of grain from sterile or partially fertile hybrids were equal to or better than the poor quality parent, but inferior to the better quality parent. Grain from hybrids of three wheat varieties, ‘Wichita,’ ‘Tascosa,’ and ‘Concho,’ was produced by crossing male sterile and fertile lines of each variety with a common restoring line, BA 130. Thus, for each variety two hybrids were produced where the only essential difference was that one contained T. timopheevi cytoplasm and the other did not. The test weight, seed set and yield, protein content, and mixing characteristics of the flour were essentially the same for both hybrids for each of the three varieties. The data from this experiment clearly indicated that T. timopheevi cytoplasm did not influence the quality.

Key Words: Hybrid wheat quality • Milling • Mixing properties • Baking

² Assistant Professor and Research Associate, Soil and Crop Sciences Department, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843, and Professor, USDA Southwestern Great Plains Research Center, Bushland, Tex., respectively.

Received for publication October 30, 1968.