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Tillering and Coronal Root Formation in Some Common and Durum Wheat Varieties¹

Tillering and the production of coronal roots by the main shoots and individual tillers of early and late common (Triticum aestivum L.) and durum (Triticum durum Desf.) spring wheat varieties were studied under various environmental conditions.

It was found that environmental as well as varietal effects on coronal root formation were mainly due to their effects on tillering.

The results indicate that varietal differences in tillering and subsequent root production were induced by differences in the length of the period from seedling emergence to spike differentiation during which tiller primordia were formed and tillers developed. The highest rate of root formation occurred during the period from spike initiation to heading and therefore the length of this period also affected root production.

Root production of the main shoot and the first one or two tillers terminated at heading time. Under favorable environmental conditions, early varieties were able to produce additional roots after heading, due to the renewed growth of late tillers and the development of new tillers from existing primordia.

Durum wheat exceeded common wheat in the root production capacity of its main shoots. In both species only slight and inconsistent differences in the numbers of tillers and of roots were found among varieties with similar growing periods.

Key Words: Triticum aestivum • Triticum durum

² Department of Field and Vegetable Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Hebrew University, Rehovot, Israel.

Received for publication January 22, 1968.

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