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Differential Survival of Cool Season Turfgrass Species Overseeded on Different Selections of Bermudagrass¹

In a 2-year study at Tucson, Ariz., marked reductions occurred from initial stands of four cool season grasses overseeded for winter turfgrass on certain varieties of bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.) while stands were maintained on other bermudagrass varieties. The cool season grasses studied were Pennlawn fescue (Festuca rubra L.). annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.), roughstalk bluegrass (Poa trivialis L.), and a mixture of highland bentgrass (Agrostis tenuis Sibth.), Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.), and Pennlawn fescue. The stand reductions were most apparent with annual ryegrass and the grass mixture. Initial stands of all cool season grasses on all bermudagrasses were above 90%. These stands were maintained until the spring transition on seeded Arizona bermudagrass while stands of the ryegrass reduced to below 75% in late February and March on ‘Tiflawn,’ ‘Tifway,’ and ‘Ormond.’ Ryegrass stands on ‘Tufcote,’ ‘Beltsville #1,’ and ‘Midway’ averaged 89% in the spring compared to 94% on seeded Arizona bermudagrass.

Differentials in soil nitrogen levels could not be shown among the 16 bermudagrasses studied. No apparent disease affected cool season grass stands. Extracts from bermudagrasses with contrasting cool season grass stands were used to moisten annual ryegrass seeds in a germination study. There were no germination differentials. Ryegrass grown in the greenhouse and on an outdoor bench on plugs of Arizona bermudagrass maintained stand while ryegrass stands on plugs of Ormond were reduced.

Key Words: Allelopathy • Phytotoxicity • Crop residues

² Professor of Agronomy, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, and Graduate assistant in Horticulture, Utah State University, Logan, respectively. Portions of this study were completed by the junior author as an undergraduate research project.

Received for publication June 14, 1968.

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