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Embryogeny and Caryopsis Development of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench¹

The morphological development of the caryopsis and embryo of grain sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench, was followed from pollination through 50 days in a cross between varieties ‘Reliance’ and ‘Norghum.’ Fertilization occurred 2 to 4 hours after pollination. The primary endosperm nucleus does not have a measurable rest period. The endosperm remains free nucleate for 48 hours after pollination. Three days after pollination, the embryo sac is filled with cellular endosperm. The nucellus is displaced by endosperm 8 days after pollination. The zygote has a rest period of not less than 6 hours or more than 20-22 hours. The first embryonic leaf is initiated at 9 days, and successive leaves are initiated at 10, 15, and 20 days after pollination. The radicle is initiated between 6 and 7 days and is fully defined by 12 days. Vascularization of the embryo consists of procambium strands in the embryo axis and the distal lobe of the scutellum. All meristematic activity had terminated by 25 days.

Key Words: Plant morphology

² Associate Agronomist, Deere & Company, Moline, 111. 61265. The writer expresses his sincere appreciation to J. E. Sass and R. E. Atkins for encouragement and guidance during this investigation.

Received for publication July 29, 1968.

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