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Breeding Behavior of 6x-Amphiploid x Avena sativa F₁ Hybrids¹

Wide variation existed among 6x-amphiploid x A. sativa L. F₁ plants for panicle length and shape, number and size of spikelets, and degree of awn development. Seed set from artificial first-backcross pollinations with A. sativa was 1.26% (44 kernels from 3,485 florets). Since all florets were completely self-sterile on F₁ plants spatially isolated from other oats or on bagged panicles of nonisolated plants, it is concluded that kernels harvested from most nonisolated F₁'S arose from natural crossing rather than from selfing. In a 1966 test, nonisolated Ft plants were surrounded by a mixture of A. sativa plants which flowered over an extended period. One or more kernels were obtained from 73% of these plants. In contrast, hand pollinations over a 12-year period resulted in seed set in only 18% of F₁ plants involved. Evidence is cited for the occasional loss, in early F₁ zygotic divisions, of part or all of specific A. sativa chromosomes whose genes inhibit wild-type grain characters, or condition resistance to crown rust.

Key Words: Oats • Sterility • Interspecific hybrids • Gene Transfer • Natural crossing

² Assistant Professor and Professor of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706,

Received for publication June 12, 1968.