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Transfer of Diploid Medicago spp. Germplasm to Tetraploid M. sativa L. in 4x-2x Crosses¹

Crosses of 4 male-sterile tetraploid clones and 13 selected diploids produced 31 triploid and 53 tetraploid hybrid progeny. Transfer of germplasm from diploid Medicago sativa L., M. falcata L., and their hybrids to the tetraploid level was equally efficient and indicated all diploids produced some male gametes with unreduced chromosome numbers. 4x-2x crosses permitted genes to be transferred from both diploid species and produced triploids and tetraploids. This was in contrast to previously reported 2x-4x crosses in which the diploid parent was restricted to self-incompatible M. falcata and the hybrids were mainly tetraploids. All tetraploid hybrids were vigorous and fertile, reflecting the homology of the parental genomes.

Key Words: haploid • triploid • genome and cytoplasmic male-sterile

² Agronomy Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706.

Received for publication May 10, 1968.