Crop Science Journal of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Education
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Published in Crop Sci 8:747-750 (1968)
© 1968 Crop Science Society of America
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
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Effects of Degree and Time of Defoliation on Yield and Related Attributes of Safflower>1

A. L. Urie, L. N. Leininger and D. E. Zimmer2

From 1960–1962 four agronomically diverse safflower entries were grown in replicated field plots at Logan, Utah. These entries were partially or totally hand defoliated at seven stages of growth. Removal of all leaves — when averaged over dates, entries, and years — reduced yield by 23.0%, weight per 100 seeds by 7.7%, test weight by 2.6%, hull percentage by 6.0%, and increased oil by 6.9% in relation to the check plot. The increase in oil percentage was negatively correlated with the decrease in hull percentage (r= —0.86). Removal of leaves from the top half of the plant had a similar but slighter effect. Removal of branches from the bottom half of the plant reduced yield at the later stages of plant development. Removal of leaves from the bottom half of the plant regardless of growth stage did not affect the attributes measured. There was a differential response of safflower entries to the severe defoliation treatments (removal of all leaves or removal of leaves from the top half of the plant).

Key Words: Carthamus Tinctorius L • Leaf Removal • Stages of Maturity • Removal of all Leaves • Removal of Top Leaves • Removal of Bottom Leaves • Removal of Bottom Branches

1 Contribution from the Crops Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, in cooperation with the Utah State University, Logan, Utah. Published with the approval of the Director as Journal Paper No. 662 of the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station.

2 Agronomist Research Assistant, Former Research Agronomist, and Research Pathologist, Crops Research Division, ARS, USDA, Logan, Utah 84321.

Received for publication June 10, 1968.




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