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Karyotype of a David Medicago sativa L. Analyzed from Sporophytic and Gametophytic Mitoses¹

Idiograms were constructed for the mitotic chromosomes of diploid Medicago sativa L. (2n = 16). Chromosomes were measured in root tip cells and generative nuclei of pollen tubes. Statistical methods applied to the data did not provide a means for identifying homologous chromosomes; however, a pattern of morphology was found by which chromosomes could be matched by inspection. The haploid complement of eight chromosomes was divided into two groups, four long and four short chromosomes. Within each group the arm length ratios (short arm length ÷ long arm length) increased as total lengths decreased. Only minor discrepancies for this pattern existed. In root-tips the chromosomes ranged from 3.5 to 4.5 microns in length, and ratios ranged from 0.53 to 0.94. The chromosomes were shorter in pollen tubes (lengths: 2.4-3.1 microns; ratios: 0.64-0.95). Idiograms from the two sources agreed in essential form except that the satellited chromosome was not recognizable in pollen-tube nuclei.

Key Words: mitotic chromosomes • chromosome morphology • diploid alfala (Medicago sativa)

² Formerly Graduate Research Assistant (now Assistant Professor of Agronomy, Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Blacksburg 24061); and Associate Professor of Agronomy, respectively.

Received for publication May 22, 1968.