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Inheritance and Differentiation of Semidwarf Culm Length of Wheat¹

Information on the genetic control of culm length was obtained from a five-parent diallel cross involving the standard height cultivar ‘Burt’ and semidwarf selections ‘Norin 10/Brevor 14,’ ‘Norin 10/Brevor 2238,’ ‘Seu Seun 27,’ and ‘Suwon 92.’ Culm length measurements of the F₁ and F₂ populations and their parents were recorded. All F₁ populations expressed dominance or overdominance for tall culm length. Although Suwon 92 and Norin 10/Brevor 14 differ in height, they appear to have similar semidwarf genetic mechanisms. Each mechanism involves two independent major factors for semidwarfism, but Suwon 92 has one or more genes for tall culm length not present in Sel.14. Sel.2238 has a single gene for semidwarfism (one of the two genes of Sel.14 and Suwon 92). Limited evidence suggests that the semidwarf gene in Seu Seun 27 is different from that in Sel.2238 and may be the other gene carried by Sel.14 and Suwon 92. In addition to the two major semidwarfing genes, minor genes appear to modify the expression of semidwarf culm length.

Key Words: diallel cross • major genes • minor genes • plant growth

² Geneticist, Agronomist, and Research Assistant (Agronomy), Crops Research Division, ARS, USDA, Pullman, Wash. 99163.

Received for publication March 25, 1968.