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Heterosis and Hemeostasis in Secale montanum Guss. x S. cereale L. Hybrids II. Reproductive Characteristics¹

F₁ hybrids between Secale montanum (P.1.253956) the female parent and three varieties (‘Florida Black,’ ‘Gator,’ and ‘Wrens Abruzzi’) of S. cereale were made. F₂ populations were produced by interpollination within each F₁ population.

Under natural daylength and space-planted conditions, 40% of the S. montanum plants produced seed in 1965-66 and 10% in 1966-67, whereas 100% of the plants in the S. cereale varieties and 70 to 100% of the F₁ and F₂ plants produced seed. For number of seeds, seed weight, and grain yield, the F₁ populations were generally intermediate to the parents with S. montanum the lower parent in all combinations. The F₂ populations tended to produce a larger number of seeds than the corresponding F₁. Substantial differences resulting from the S. cereale variety involved and year tested were observed. The variability of both the F₁ and F₂ populations as a result of differences in years and the variation within the F₁ populations were greater than the higher parent. However, the S. cereale variety involved was a major factor.

With 16-hr daylength, the F₁ populations were generally below or equal to the mid-parent in percent stainable pollen with S. montanum the lower parent in all combinations. However, the corresponding F₂ populations were higher in percent stainable pollen with two out of three combinations exceeding the S. cereale parent. The pollen diameter of the F₁ and F₂ populations was generally intermediate to the parents with S. montanum the lower parent in all combinations.

Key Words: fitness of interspecific • hybrids • interspecific hybridization • pollen diameter • pollen stainability • rye

² Associate Agronomist, Florida Agr. Exp. Sta., University of Florida, Gainesville 32601. Sincere appreciation is expressed to Carol A. Holt and H. S. Anspach for technical assistance.

Received for publication March 4, 1968.