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Inheritance of Pigment Color in the Soybean¹

Fourteen soybean crosses, Glycine max (L.) Merr., were used to study the inheritance of pigment color and pattern. Black and brown seed coat and hilum colors were controlled by two gene pairs, Tt and Rr, their expression being modified in certain gene combinations by Oo and W₁w₁. The distribution or dilution of the pigment color was controlled by the locus (K^ti^ki). Brown seed coat (TrO) was dominant over reddish brown (Tro) and green seed coat (G) over yellow (g). The I allele for light hilum gave gray hilum with TR and tKW₁ genotypes and yellow hilum with Tr, tRw¹ and tr genotypes.

Difficulty was experienced in classifying plants for saddle pattern, due to the possible interaction of pigment promoting factors. In three crosses the saddle pattern gene i^k was dominant over self black seed, whereas in one cross self black seed appeared to be dominant over i^k. Saddle patterns were not observed on seed having brown or buff seed coats. These phenomena may be due to pigment-promoting factors masking the expression of the gene i^k.

Key Words: seed coat • hilum • saddle • mottling

² Formerly graduate assistant (now Plant Breeder, North West Research Institute, Narrabri, N.S.W., Australia) and Professor of Agronomy.

Received for publication March 15, 1968.