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Genetic Effects for Yield in Single, Three-way, and Double-Cross Maize Hybrids¹

Additional investigations were conducted with maize (Zea mays L.) in which significant epistatic effects had been detected. Single, three-way, and double-cross hybrids were used in these studies. The small correlations between predicted and observed performance suggest that the genotype X environmental interactions are clearly the most important factor in obtaining reliable predictions. Although epistatic effects were present in the material studied, there was no evidence that the standard singlecross prediction formulas for three-way and double-cross hybrids should be abandoned in favor of more complex procedures.

Key Words: Zea mays L • nonadditive effects • epistatic effects • prediction • hybrids

² Research Geneticists, Crops Research Division, ARS, USDA, presently at Maize Research Station, Kitale, Kenya, and Ames, Iowa, respectively.

Received for publication November 4, 1967.