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Testcrosses of One- and Two-Ear Types of Corn Belt Maize Inbreds. II. Stability of Performance in Different Environments¹

Ten single-ear and 10 two-ear inbred lines of maize, Zea mays L., in testcrosses with a one-ear single cross and a two-ear single cross were compared for stability of yield performance in two experiments, one with 12 environments, four locations for 3 years, and one with 24 environments, four plant densities at two locations for 3 years. Stability is described by three parameters: mean yield, regression of mean yield on an environmental index, and deviations from regression. The environmental index is the mean yield of all hybrids at each environment and has a regression of 1.0. A stable variety has a high mean yield, b = 1.0, and deviations near zero. Stability parameters for the four groups of hybrids were similar in the two experiments. The (1 x 1) x 1 group had below-average yields in the low-yield environments and above-average yields in the high-yield environments, but the reverse situation occurred for the (2 x 2) x group. Deviations from regression were much higher for the (1 x 1) x 1 group than the (2 x 2) x 2 group. The (1 x 1) x 2 group most nearly satisfied the definition of a stable variety on the basis of mean yield and regression, but was intermediate between the (1 x 1) x 1 and (2 x 2) x groups for deviations from regression.

Key Words: genotype x environment interactions • plant stand densities

² Professor, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50010, and Research Geneticist, USDA (Presently, Maize Research Section, Kitale, Kenya).

Received for publication October 12, 1967.

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