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Hard and Soft Seededness in Blue Lupine, Lupinus angustifolius L.: Inheritance and Phenotype Classification¹

Precise classification of blue lupine phenotypes for hard and soft seededness depended upon: testing seeds with undamaged seed coats, avoiding severe drying of seed lots before soaking them in tap water containing a surfactant, soaking sufficient seeds per sample to allow for the failure of some "genetically hard" seeds to become hard, and classing as soft only those seed lots in which all seeds swelled. Analysis of F₁ and F₂ data showedt hat hard-seededness in a diverse sample of wild blue lupine from Portugal was controlled by a single pair of dominant genes, S S, whereass oft-seededness in two cultivated varieties was controlled by the allelic recessive pair s s.

Key Words: hard seededness inheritance • soft seededness inheritance • seed testa permeability

² Research Agronomist and Research Plant Pathologist, Crops Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Tifton, Ga., 31794.

Received for publication August 24, 1967.