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Distribution of Fatty Acids in Germinating Soybean Seed¹

The distribution of fatty acids in dry and in germinating seeds of three soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr) varieties was studied. Palmitic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids were homogeneously distributed throughout the seed, while stearic acid was slightly higher near the root-shoot axis. With a possible small adjustment for stearic acid, therefore, the analysis of a piece of soybean seed taken at a maximum distance from the root-shoot axis would have given an accurate estimate of fatty acid proportions of the whole seed in the material studied. Practically no significant change in fatty acid proportions during germination up to 6 days was observed, which suggests that the utilization of fatty acids was random. Thus, a sample could have been take any time during this germination period of 6 days to determine the fatty acid proportions of the mature (dry) seed.

Key Words: Glycine max(L.) Merr. • palmitic acid • stearic acid • oleic acid • linoleic acid • linolenic acid

² Fellow in Plant Genetics (now Research Associate, Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y.) and Professor of Plant Genetics, University of Illinois, and Chemist, Crops Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Urbana, Ill., respectively.

Received for publication June 21, 1967.