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Heterosis and F₂ Performance in Intraspecific Crosses Among Varieties of Gossypium hirsutum L. and of G. barbadense L.¹

Three trials, conducted in 1964 and 1965 in Israel, included a set of four varieties of G. hirsutum L. and their intraspecific crosses in all combinations in the F₁ and F₂ generations, and a similar set of four G. barbadense L. varieties and their F₁ and F₂ intraspecific crosses. Heterosis for lint yield was 15 to 24% and 21 to 28% in G. hirsutum L. and G. barbadense L. intraspecific F₁ crosses, respectively. This was always associated with heterosis for yield of seed-cotton and for the number of bolls produced. Heterosis for boll-weight was found in G. hirsutum L., but was not always shown by G. barbadense L. Heterosis for boll number was associated with a higher percentage of boll retention in G. hirsutum L. and with more flower production in G. barbadense L.

F₂ deviations from the average of mid-parent and F₁ performances were relatively small for lint yield, indicating that although some epistatic effects may be operative for this trait, additive and dominance genetic effects are more important. In G. hirsutum L. significant F₂ deviations were found for lint-index and lint-percent, and in some cases also for seed-index. In G. barbadense L. a significant F₂ deviation was found only for flower number in one experiment.

Key Words: cotton • F₁ hybrids • inbreeding

² Senior Lecturer, Department of Field and Vegetable Crops.

Received for publication July 10, 1967.

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