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Barley Yellow Dwarf Studies in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). I. Yield and Quality of Hard Red Winter Wheat Infected With Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus¹

Barley yellow dwarf virus infection caused highly significant yield losses in three varieties of hard red winter wheat. Yield reductions resulted from a reduced number of heads per foot of row, fewer kernels per head, and reduced kernel weight.

Fall-infection resulted in greater yield losses than spring-infection. Differential winterkill due to fall-infection did not appear to account for yield differences.

Height of the plants and number of heads per foot of row also showed highly significant reductions caused by the disease, but differences due to time of infection were not significant.

Milling and baking quality were somewhat adversely affected by the BYD disease, but differences between healthy and diseased samples were generally small and inconsistent among the varieties. Samples from diseased plants in all varieties were poorer or just equal to the samples from healthy plants for test weight, 1000-kernel weight, and kernel size. Flour protein percentage was slightly higher in grain samples from diseased plants in all varieties.

Key Words: fall-infection • spring-infection • heads per foot of row • kernels per head • kernel weight • plant height

² Research Agronomist and Entomologist.

Received for publication October 27, 1966.