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Correlated Inheritance of Maturity and Quality Factors in a Hard Red Winter Wheat Cross¹

Simple correlations between maturity and 14 quality characteristics were evaluated for F₄ progeny of a hard red winter wheat cross between an early, mellow gluten variety with a late, strong gluten variety. Correlation coefficients were low and statistically nonsignificant except for those relationships between maturity and sedimentation and maturity and specific sedimentation. In 12 other correlations between maturity and quality characteristics, the values were low and statistically nonsignificant. For all 14 quality characteristics, the range of the F₄ exceeded the 2 parents. Midparent values equaled the progeny means in 7 characteristics, exceeded the progeny means in 5 characteristics, and were less than the progeny means in 2 characteristics (sedimentation and specific sedimentation).

Genotypic and phenotypic correlations between heading date and eight quality characteristics tended to be small and indicated no strong genetic association which would impede selection for early maturity lines with good milling and baking quality characteristics. Heritabilities ranged from 25% for flour extraction to 78% for bake mixing time and to 87% for heading date. Results from lines selected for quality characteristics and early heading and grown continuously from F₄ through F₇ clearly indicated that selection was effective in improving mixograph mixing time, sedimentation, and protein content while maintaining maturity equal to the early parent.

Key Words: Gluten • linkage • mixing time • mixing tolerance • sedimentation value • specific sedimentation • genotypic correlations • phenotypic correlations • heritability

² Former Professor of Agronomy in charge of Small Grain Investigation, now Crop Specialist, IRI Research Institute, Inc., New York; Associate Professor of Biochemistry; former Assistant Professor of Agronomy; and former Associate Professor of Agronomy, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Okla.

Received for publication June 7, 1966.