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Inheritance of Pericarp Types, Sterility, and Dwarfhess in Several Safflower Crosses¹

Investigations were conducted to further elucidate information available regarding the inheritance of pericarp and anther dehiscence characteristics of safflower. Previous reports that reduced pericarp and delayed another dehiscence are controlled by the recessive gene th and that striped seed is controlled by the recessive gene stp, which is inherited independently of th, were confirmed. An intermediate expression of pericarp thickness, where the hull was thin at the upper end only, was determined to be controlled by the same major gene th. In certain genotypic backgrounds the expression of the th gene is modified considerably with regards to pericarp development without materially affecting delayed anther dehiscence. No evidence of linkage was observed between the independent genes, th and stp, and several well known genetic markers in safflower.

Since no recombination was observed between extremely thin pericarp and delayed anther dehiscence the hypothesis was proposed that these characteristics were the pleiotropic manifestations of the thin-hull gene.

It is assumed that spontaneous single-gene mutations were responsible for the presence of sterile and dwarfed plants found in the progenies of one cross. Although the possibility of new recombinations and not mutation was not ruled out entirely, the evidence available does suggest that hybridization between certain strains of safflower may stimulate mutations.

² Formerly Graduate Research Assistant (now Assistant Professor of Biology, Sonoma State College, Rohnert Park, California) and Professor of Agronomy, University of California, Davis.

Received for publication March 14, 1966.

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