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Managerial and Physiological Factors Influencing the Winter Hardiness of Barley in Wyoming¹

The environmental factors air and soil temperature and soil moisture were monitored as they influenced the crown sugars glucose, fructose, and sucrose in three varieties of winter barley planted on two fall dates.

‘Dicktoo’ (winter hardy), ‘Reno’ (intermediate), and ‘Tennessee Winter’ (nonhardy) were planted on August 25 and September 10, 1964, at Laramie, Wyoming. Crown tissue was periodically collected (from October 17, 1964, to May 1, 1965) and analyzed for sugar content.

Later planting enhanced winter survival of Dicktoo and Tennessee Winter, but did not appreciably influence Reno. In Dicktoo, fructose was the major alcohol-soluble sugar during the fall and early winter, decreased during the late winter, and disappeared at time of spring regrowth. Glucose and sucrose content increased in the late winter and decreased at time of spring regrowth. Fructose content in crowns of Tennessee Winter was significantly lower than in the other varieties, although the trend with time was similar in all varieties. Only small amounts of glucose and sucrose were present in the Tennessee Winter variety at any given collection date.

The important factor in survival of the nonhardy Tennessee Winter variety was apparently soil moisture at the 3-inch depth and fructose content, while in Dicktoo it was low soil and air temperature and its influence upon the synthesis of total alcohol-soluble sugars.

² Graduate Assistant (now Graduate Research Assistant, Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas) and Assistant Professor of Crop Physiology (now Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University), respectively.

Received for publication May 21, 1966.