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Development and Selection of Productive S₁ Inbred Lines of Corn (Zea mays L.)¹

Two recurrent selection series, originating from the same 153 S₁ lines, were carried through two complete cycles. Selection was based on testcross yield in one series and on S₁ progeny yield in the other. The mean S₁ yield increased 31.4% with 2 cycles of selection for S₁ yield and 17.9% with 2 cycles of selection for testcross yield. The more productive S₁ lines tended to produce the more productive crosses, but the correlation between S₁ and testcross yields decreased with each cycle of selection. Four S₁ lines from the second cycle synthetic of the series selected for progeny yield were more productive than the original cross-pollinated population. In a second experiment, lines that were derived from the more productive S₁ progenies were most frequently maintained under visual selection. Nine of the 10 S₁ lines that were still represented after selection in S₃ progenies were above average in yield. Seven of the 31 S₁ lines that were still represented after selection in S₂ progenies produced testcrosses which ranged from 105 to 110% of the trial mean and 6 of these 7 were above average in S₁ yield.

² Professor, Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, Blacksburg, Virginia, and Assistant Professor, Tidewater Research Station, Holland, Virginia.

Received for publication March 19, 1966.

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