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Heterosis and Homeostasis in Rye (Secale cereale L.) II. Production of Varieties, Intervarietal Crosses and Composite Populations under Various Population Densities¹

Three diploid rye varieties, their 3 F₁ populations, and 6 composite populations were compared for forage and grain production at 3 levels of population density in 2 years at Gainesville, Florida. Each composite population contained equal numbers of viable seeds from one F₁ population mixed with one of its parents. Heterosis for forage and grain production was obtained in certain F₁ populations, with indications that differences in combining ability between the varieties were present. The production of the composite populations could not be accurately predicted from the production of the F₁ population and the parental variety involved. However, the presence of the parental variety in the composite populations did not appreciably lower and, in some cases, substantially increased production in comparison to the F₁ population involved. In some instances, the presence of one of the parents in the composite population reduced environmental variability and altered the percentage contribution of various environmental components, thus making possible more flexibility in selection for specific environmental response patterns.

² Associate Agronomist, Florida Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Florida, Gainesville. Sincere Appreciation is expressed to H. S. Anspach for technical assistance.

Received for publication January 21, 1966.