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Heterosis and Homeostasis in Rye (Secale cereale L.) I. Individual Plant Production of Varieties and Intervarietal Crosses¹

Three varieties of diploid rye, ‘Florida Black,’ ‘Gator,’ and ‘Wrens Abruzzi,’ were crossed reciprocally to obtain six F₁ populations. The parental varieties and the F₁ populations were compared for plant weight and grain production under space-planted conditions in 2 years at Gainesville, Florida. The plant weight of the F₁ population ranged from 99.2 to 120.4% of the higher parent, with 5 of the 6 F₁ populations exceeding the higher parent. The variability in plant weight ranged from 86.8 to 104.0% of the higher parent, with 3 of the 6 F₁ population surpassing the higher parent. The grain production of the F₁ populations ranged from 60.7 to 112.4% of the higher parent, with 3 of the 6 F₁ populations exceeding the higher parent. The variability in grain production ranged from 19.3 to 415.3% of the higher parent, with 3 of the 6 F₁ populations surpassing the higher parent. Appreciable differences in combining ability between the parental varieties were obtained. However, the magnitude of the heterotic response was also considerably influenced by the direction of the cross and the year tested.

² Associate Agronomist, Florida Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Florida, Gainesville. Sincere appreciation is expressed to H. S. Anspach for technical assistance.

Received for publication January 21, 1966.