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Germination of Vicia Species and Interspecific Lines as Affected by Temperature Cycles¹

Temperature cycles of 4.5–21, 21–4.5, 21–32, and 32–21 C were used in germinating scarified and unscarlfied seed of vetch species and advanced generation interspecific hybrids.

The initial temperature of a cycle had marked effects on both the rate and final germination percentage of certain entries. Variation in response to temperature cycles was found between Vicia species and within V. sativa and V. angustifolia. Scarified seed of parents of the interspecific hybrids differed greatly; the V. sativa parent (Ala. 1894) germinated faster at high temperatures, whereas the V. angustifolia parent (P.I. 121275) germinated faster at low temperatures. The behavior of interspecific hybrid progeny indicated a recombination of genes that conditioned the physiological requirements for germination. Unscarified seed of V. grandiflora and an interspecific hybrid germinated more rapidly at low temperatures. Unscarified seed of another hard-seeded species, V. angustifolia, responded in a reverse manner, germinating more rapidly at high temperatures. Germination response to temperature was found to be controlled by hard seedcoat in addition to a physiological response of the embryo.

² NASA Trainee, Associate Professor of Agronomy, and Professor of Agronomy, respectively.