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FORAGE & GRAZINGLANDS

Identifying Winter Forage Triticale (xTriticosecale Wittmack) Strains for the Central Great Plains

^a Dep. of Agronomy and Horticulture, Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583
^b USDA-ARS and Dep. of Agronomy and Horticulture, Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583
^c Soil & Crop Sciences Dep., Texas A & M Univ., College Station, TX 77843

^* Corresponding author (pbaenziger1{at}unl.edu).

Triticale (xTriticosecale Wittmack) is mainly used as a forage crop in the central Great Plains. A successful triticale cultivar should have high forage yield with good quality, and also high grain yield so the seed can be economically produced. The purpose of this study was to evaluate existing triticale cultivars and experimental strains for their relative value in the central Great Plains as an annual hay crop primarily for feeding to beef cattle. Two experiments (one for forage yield and one for grain yield) were planted at two locations (one representing the arid Great Plains and the second representing the or higher rainfall central Great Plains) for 2 yr. Twenty-nine triticale cultivars and strains were evaluated for forage yield and quality, and grain yield. In both experiments, year effects were significant (P < 0.05) for all traits except grain yield; location effects were significant for forage yield, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber. There was no location x strain or year x location x strain interaction for all the quality traits indicating that triticale forage quality was stable across environments. Triticale strains differed significantly for forage yield, grain yield, NDF, acid detergent lignin, and relative feed value. However, forage of all strains had good feed quality. Three strains had high grain and forage yield, and very good relative feed value suggesting that triticale improvement for both grain and forage traits is possible.

Abbreviations: ADF, acid detergent fiber • ADL, acid detergent lignin • IVDMD, in vitro dry matter digestibility • NDF, neutral detergent fiber • NIRS, near infrared reflectance spectroscopy • TDN, total digestible nutrients