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New Fusarium Head Blight-Resistant Sources from Asian Wheat Germplasm

^a Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506
^b USDA-ARS-PSERU, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506
^c Shi-Bin Cai, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
^d Yan-Hong Dong, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108
^e Tomohiro Ban, Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 244-0813, Japan. Research is partly funded by the U.S. Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative and the National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, Coordinated Agricultural Project grant number 2006-55606-16629. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. This is contribution No. 08-170-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Manhattan, Kansas

^* Corresponding author (guihua.bai{at}ars.usda.gov).

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is an important disease of wheat worldwide. Severe infection can dramatically reduce grain yield and quality. Resistant cultivars have been identified from several countries. However, only a few sources of FHB resistance showed stable FHB resistance across environments and have been used as the major source of resistance in breeding programs. To diversify the wheat FHB-resistance gene pool, new sources of FHB-resistance are desired. Ninety-four selected wheat landraces and cultivars, mainly from China and Japan, have been evaluated for FHB severity and deoxynivalenol (DON) content. Low DON content was correlated with resistance to the FHB symptom spread within an infected spike, but not with the resistance to FHB initial infection. Two-thirds of the accessions were either resistant or moderately resistant to FHB. Among them, 26 highly resistant accessions mainly originated from China and Japan. Fifteen of them had less than 2 mg kg^–1 DON in harvested grain, six of which showed all three types of resistance. Most of these resistant accessions lack known pedigree relations to Sumai 3, suggesting that some of them may carry genes for resistance to FHB and DON accumulation different from those in Sumai 3.

Abbreviations: d.a.i., days after inoculation • DON, deoxynivalenol • FHB, Fusarium head blight • PIF, percentage of infected florets • PSS, percentage of symptomatic spikelets

Received for publication December 27, 2007.