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CROP PHYSIOLOGY & METABOLISM

Sucrose-Phosphate Synthase, a Biochemical Marker of High Sucrose Accumulation in Sugarcane

CSIRO Plant Industry, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, 306 Carmody Rd., St Lucia QLD 4067, Australia

^* Corresponding author (Chris.Grof{at}csiro.au).

Increasing sucrose content is a major objective of sugarcane breeding programs. One approach employed by breeders is to introgress new genes from genotypes of Saccharum officinarum L. not previously used in breeding. The activity of a suite of key sucrose metabolizing enzymes was measured in progeny of an introgression program to find biochemical markers associated with high sucrose content, measured as commercial cane sugar (CCS). The enzymes sucrose-phosphate synthase (SPS), three isoforms of invertase, and sucrose synthase were measured in four high and four low CCS clones from an initial cross between a S. officinarum and the commercial cultivar Q165. Subsequently, SPS and the two soluble isoforms of invertase were measured in clones derived from a backcross of one of the progeny to another commercial cultivar Mida. Enzyme activities were measured in tissue from internodes taken from four different positions down the stem profile. Of particular significance was the finding that the activity of a key enzyme involved in sucrose synthesis, SPS, was significantly higher in the upper internodes (one to three) of high CCS clones as compared with low CCS clones in both populations, suggesting that this enzyme may have a key role in establishing metabolic and developmental processes necessary for high sugar accumulation during stem growth and maturation.

Abbreviations: BC-H1 to BC-H4, high CCS clones of the backcross population • BC-L1 to BC-L4, low CCS clones of the backcross population • CCS, commercial cane sugar • FW, fresh weight • HPAE-PAD, high performance anion exchange with pulsed amperometric detection • I-H1 to I-H4, high CCS clones of the introgression population • I-L1 to I-L4, low CCS clones of the introgression population • SAI, soluble acid invertase • SPS, sucrose-phosphate synthase • SSf, sucrose synthase forward, functioning to synthesize sucrose • SSr, sucrose synthase reverse, functioning to cleave sucrose

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