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CROP BREEDING & GENETICS

Small-Scale Bread-Quality-Test Performance Heritability in Bread Wheat: Influence of High Molecular Weight Glutenin Subunits and the 1BL.1RS Translocation

^a National Agricultural Research Center for Hokkaido Region (Memuro), Shinsei, Memuro, Hokkaido 082-0071, Japan
^b National Agricultural Research Center for Western Region, 6-12-1 Nishi-Fukatsucho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima 721-8514, Japan
^c National Agricultural Research Center for the Hokkaido Region (Sapporo), 1 Hitsujigaoka, Toyohira, Sapporo, Hokkaido 062-8555, Japan

^* Corresponding author (zenta{at}affrc.go.jp).

Small-scale bread-quality assays (grain protein content, SDS-sedimentation volume [SDSS], and single-kernel characterization system [SKCS] grain hardness) represent important tools in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) breeding. The influence of high-molecular-weight glutenin (HMWG) subunits and the 1BL.1RS translocation on small-scale bread-quality assays and their heritability was investigated for F₃ and F₄ lines of two wheat populations. Lines with HMWG subunits 5+10 at Glu-D1 showed significantly greater SDSS volume and SKCS hardness than those with subunits 2+12 or 4+12. Lines with HMWG subunit 20 at Glu-B1 had a significantly lower SDSS volume than those with HMWG subunits 7+8 or 7+9. F₄ lines bearing the 1BL.1RS translocation had significantly greater protein content. The distribution of SDSS volumes suggested that most bore the undesirable HMWG subunits 2+12, 4+12 or 20, but could be selected against if the SDSS volume <6.0 mL. For SDSS volume, lines with HMWG subunits 5+10 had greater heritability in upward screening, whereas those with HMWG subunits 2+12 or 4+12 had greater heritability in downward screening. The above screening criterion provides an excellent tool for bread quality-based wheat breeding, irrespective of hard x hard or hard x soft wheat crosses.

Abbreviations: FPS, flour particle size • HMWG, high-molecular-weight glutenin • SDS-PAGE, sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis • SDSS, sodium dodecylsulfate sedimentation • SKCS, single kernel characterization system