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CROP BREEDING & GENETICS

Inheritance of Mid and High Oleic Acid Content in Ethiopian Mustard

Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (CSIC), Apartado 4084, E-14080 Córdoba, Spain

^* Corresponding author (ia2veval{at}uco.es)

Zero erucic acid Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata A. Braun) seed oil has a low oleic acid content (330 g kg^–1). The mid oleic acid line AB3 (650 g kg^–1) and the high oleic acid line AB1 (830 g kg^–1) have been developed. The objective of this research was to study the inheritance of both traits in Ethiopian mustard. Plants of AB1 were reciprocally crossed with plants of the standard line 25X-1, the low linolenic acid line AB4, and AB3. Plants of AB3 were also reciprocally crossed with plants of 25X-1. A genetic study was conducted through the analysis of the fatty acid profile of F₁, F₂, BC₁F₁, and F₃ seed generations. The results revealed that mid oleic acid content in AB3 was determined by partially recessive alleles at a single locus Ol, whereas high oleic acid content in AB1 was the result of partially recessive alleles at two loci, Ol and Ol2. Both loci produced an increment of oleic acid content of similar magnitude, although ol2 alleles had phenotypic expression only in presence of ol alleles in homozygous condition. Segregation patterns for oleic acid content were similar in crosses of AB1 with 25X-1 and AB4, which indicated that loci for high oleic acid content were not related to loci for low linolenic acid content. Recombination of genes controlling high oleic acid and low linolenic acid content resulted in phenotypes with >850 g kg^–1 oleic acid and <25 g kg^–1 linolenic acid. Reduction of linolenic acid content resulted in an increase of linoleic rather than oleic acid content.