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CROP BREEDING & GENETICS-NOTES

Increasing Kernel Density for Two Inbred Lines of Maize

Dep. of Crop Science, North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC 27695-7620

^* Corresponding author (maize_resources{at}ncsu.edu)

Improving grain quality of maize (Zea mays L.), including endosperm hardness and density, is often a breeding objective. Dense seed is preferred by dry millers and for alkaline processing, and can command a price premium at market. This study attempted to increase kernel density in a backcrossing program for two inbreds of maize using two selection techniques, specific gravity of kernels and the percentage of sinking kernels in a salt solution (or sinkers). Two inbreds, B73G and A632, were crossed with synthetics exhibiting apparent high kernel density, and several generations of backcrossing and self-pollination followed. Examples of mean comparisons of backcross-derived inbreds with the recurrent parents, B73G and A632 are as follows: B73G–Specific gravity, 1.251 and 1.206; Sinkers, 62.3 and 14.9%; and A632–Specific gravity, 1.266 and 1.250; Sinkers 45.4 and 29.1%. Both the specific gravity and sinkers techniques were successful for increasing kernel density during backcrossing.

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