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PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES

AFLP Diversity within and among Hardinggrass Populations

^a USDA-ARS, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691
^b Forage Improvement Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, OK 73401
^c Dep. of Crop and Soil Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824

^* Corresponding author (mian.3{at}osu.edu)

Little information is available on the genetic diversity of hardinggrass (Phalaris aquatica L.), a cool-season forage grass with potential for use in the southern Great Plains. The objective of this study was to determine the genetic diversity within and among 22 promising hardinggrass populations, including plant introductions (PIs), breeding populations, and one cultivar. Nine plants from each population (198 genotypes) were characterized with amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. Genotypes were evaluated with nine selective primer combinations of fluorescent-labeled PstI and MseI primers, producing a total of 961 useful AFLP fragments. A high degree of genetic diversity was found, with a greater proportion of the diversity within (74%) rather than among (26%) populations. Clustering of populations on the basis of UPGMA closely followed the geographic origin and breeding history of the populations. Selections led to genetic shifts between two breeding populations, HG PI C1 and HG PI C2, although genetic diversity changed little if at all within these populations on the basis of polymorphism information content (PIC) scores of 0.22 versus 0.19, respectively. Two Moroccan PIs (PI 240248 and PI 517026) represent a distinct germplasm source on the basis of their genetic distances from other populations in the study. Genetic diversity data from this study will be helpful in grouping these accessions for development of breeding populations and various research purposes.

Abbreviations: AFLP, amplified fragment length polymorphism • AMOVA, Analysis of molecular variance • FID, Forage Improvement Division • MDS, multidimensional scaling • NPGS, USDA-National Plant Germplasm System • PI, plant introduction • PIC, polymorphism information content • RAPD, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA • RFLP, restriction fragment length polymorphism • SSR, simple sequence repeat • UPGMA, Unweighted Pair Group Method Using Arithmetic Averages