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CROP PHYSIOLOGY & METABOLISM

Phospholipid Acyl Chain and Phospholipase Dynamics during Cold Acclimation of Winter Wheat

^a USDA-ARS, 209 Johnson Hall, Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA 99164
^b Dep. of Chemistry, Fulmer Hall, Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA 99164
^c Dep. of Crop and Soil Sciences, 201 Johnson Hall, Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA 99164

^* Corresponding author (dzs{at}wsu.edu)

Phospholipid (PL) composition is known to change in plants exposed to cold temperature. The dynamics of PL acyl chain pairs and genes encoding phospholipase enzymes were studied in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) during cold acclimation. Mass spectrometry was used to characterize PL dynamics, and quantitative real-time PCR was used to characterize phospholipase gene mRNA transcript dynamics during cold acclimation. The proportion of PLs with mismatched acyl chains decreased concomitantly with an increase in total PLs during the first week of cold exposure. Proportions of mismatched acyl chains then increased, while total PLs varied little. Numbers of mRNA transcripts of phospholipase (PL)D, PLC, and PLA₂ increased in response to cold and remained at elevated levels throughout a 4-wk period. Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) increased as much as 14-fold over the 5-wk period and increased significantly less in a less cold tolerant cultivar than more tolerant cultivars. It appeared that newly synthesized PLs with equal-length acyl chains form a part of the initial response to cold temperature; they are then modified to contain near-initial levels of mismatched acyl chains during acclimation. LPC is a highly active signal molecule and PLA₂, PLC, and PLD are involved in generation of phospholipid-based signaling molecules; hence, it appeared PL signaling is involved in initial and continuing responses to cold temperature.

Abbreviations: ESI-MS, electrospray ionizing mass spectrometry • LPC, lysophosphatidyl choline • PL, phospholipid • PLA, phospholipase A • PLC, phospholipase C • PLD, phospholipase D

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Crop Science 2005 45: x. [Full Text]