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CROP BREEDING, GENETICS & CYTOLOGY

S^h and S_c—Two Complementary Dominant Genes that Control Self-Compatibility in Buckwheat

^a Kade Research Ltd, Research Centre, Unit 100-101 Route 100, Morden, MB, Canada R6M 1Y5
^b Dep. of Plant Science, Univ. of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3T 2N2

^* Corresponding author (Rachael_Scarth{at}umanitoba.ca)

Fagopyrum homotropicum Ohnishi, a wild diploid (2n = 2x = 16) species with self-compatibility expressed by homostylic flowers, has been used for improving cultivated buckwheat, F. esculentum Moench, a self-incompatible diploid (2n = 2x = 16) species with heterostylic pin and thrum flowers. Four crosses were made between F. homotropicum and F. esculentum pin flowers, assisted by ovule rescue in vitro, to study the inheritance and interaction of the two breeding systems in the genus Fagopyrum. The presence of homostylic or pin flowers was used to determine the expression of self-compatibility or self-incompatibility, respectively. The segregation ratios of the F₂ progeny derived from F₁ single plants, the BC₁F₁ generation and the F₃ progeny derived from homostylic plants were used to study the inheritance of self-compatibility. Five F₂ populations fit a one-gene 3:1 segregation ratio and did not fit a 9:7 ratio, while the other three F₂ populations fit a two-gene 9:7 ratio and did not fit a 3:1 ratio. The BC₁F₁ and F₃ progeny segregation confirmed these observations. These results support a two-gene model with three alleles at the first locus S and two alleles at the second locus S_c. The proposed model has S for self-incompatible thrum, S^h for self-compatible homostyly, and s for self-incompatible pin, with the intrallelic interaction S > S^h > s at the first locus and S_c for homostyly and s_c for pin (S_c > s_c) at the second locus. The two complementary dominant genes S^h and S_c control self-compatibility (homostyly) in F. homotropicum. The one gene or two gene segregation patterns are the result of interspecific crosses with different F. esculentum genotypes.

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Crop Science 2005 45: vii. [Full Text]