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CROP BREEDING, GENETICS & CYTOLOGY

Cytology and Fertility of Advanced Populations of Elymus lanceolatus (Scribn. & Smith) Gould x Elymus caninus (L.) L. Hybrids

USDA-ARS, Forage and Range Research Lab., Utah State Univ., Logan, UT 84322-6300

^* Corresponding author (kevin{at}cc.usu.edu)

Within the wheatgrasses and wildryes, amphiploids are frequently made as a means for introgressing desirable traits and restoring fertility in hybrids between diverse species. This study reports the cytology, fertility, and morphological characteristics of Elymus lanceolatus (Scribn. & Smith) Gould, E. caninus (L.) L., their F₁ hybrids, advanced generations (F₇ and F₈), and three generations of advanced amphiploid progenies (C₁, C₂, and C₃). Meiotic chromosome associations of E. lanceolatus and E. caninus are typical of allotetraploids. Chromosome pairing in the F₁ hybrids suggests a close relationship between the two parents. Bivalent associations most frequently observed in the F₇ and F₈ were 14 bivalents. After multiple generations of harvesting available seed each generation from 10 plants, an increase in meiotic regularity was observed in the advanced F generations. Aneuploidy in the amphiploids (C generation) was observed in the C₂ and C₃ generations with chromosome numbers ranging from 47 to 56. The C₁ generation had significantly fewer univalents per cell than the C₂ and C₃ generations. Combined across chromosome numbers, there was a significant decrease in the number of bivalents from 22.48 to 21.36 to 20.27 in each succeeding C generation, respectively. After seven generations of seed increase, pollen stainability increased from less than 1% in the F₁ hybrid to 87 and 85% in the F₇ and F₈ generations, respectively. Chromosome doubling significantly reduced pollen stainability in the C₁, C₂, and C₃ generations as compared to the parents and advanced F generations. Cluster analysis was able to separate the parents and the different hybrid populations.

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THIS ISSUE IN CROP SCIENCE

Crop Science 2005 45: vii. [Full Text]  

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