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CROP PHYSIOLOGY & METABOLISM

Heterosis for Leaf CO₂ Exchange Rate during the Grain-Filling Period in Maize

Dep. of Plant Agriculture, Crop Science Building, Univ. of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, N1G 2W1

^* Corresponding author (mtollena{at}uoguelph.ca)

Heterosis for grain yield in maize (Zea mays L.) manifests itself through its effects on the components of grain yield, dry matter accumulation at maturity, harvest index, and its effects on physiological processes underlying these components, such as leaf CO₂ exchange rate (CER). The objectives of this study were (i) to quantify the pattern of leaf CER throughout the grain-filling period in maize hybrids and their parental inbred lines, and (ii) to determine the mode of inheritance of leaf CER during the grain-filling period. Studies were performed with 12 F₁ hybrids and their seven inbred parents grown hydroponically in the field at the Cambridge Research Station, ON, Canada, in 2002. Data were recorded on leaf CER from silking to maturity, and grain yield, aboveground dry matter, and root dry matter at maturity. Mean leaf CER of hybrids was not different from that of their parental inbred lines at silking. However, significant differences became apparent 2 wk after silking and became increasingly larger as plants advanced toward maturity. In general, leaf CER differed among inbred lines but did not differ among hybrids. Combining ability analysis showed that predominantly additive genetic effects influence the expression of leaf CER late in the season. Finally, the maintenance of leaf CER throughout a plant's life cycle, rather than potential leaf CER, is positively associated with dry matter accumulation during the grain-filling period and grain yield.

Abbreviations: CER, CO₂ exchange rate • GCA, general combining ability • LAI, leaf area index • PPFD, photosynthetic photon flux density • SCA, specific combining ability

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THIS ISSUE IN CROP SCIENCE

Crop Science 2004 44: 1889-1892. [Full Text]  

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