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CROP BREEDING, GENETICS & CYTOLOGY

Comparison of S₁ with Open-Pollination Progenies in Selection for Yield in Crested Wheatgrass

^a USDA-ARS, Northern Great Plains Research Laboratory, P.O. Box 459, Mandan, ND 58554
^b Dep. of Agronomy and Horticulture, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003-0003

^* Corresponding author (berdahlj{at}mandan.ars.usda.gov).

Genetic gain from selection for high dry matter yield in most cross-pollinated forage grasses has been an elusive goal, in spite of sustained breeding efforts. This study was conducted to determine the value of one generation of self-pollinating (S₁) before selection for yield in crested wheatgrass (Agropyron spp.). Dry matter yields were compared at two locations near Mandan, ND, for synthetic populations derived from selection among and within S₁ or among and within open-pollination (OP) progenies from three source populations. Within each source population, the 20 parents used to produce S₁ progenies were in common with the 20 maternal parents of the OP progenies. Soil was a Parshall fine sandy loam (coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Pachic Haplustolls) at Location 1 and a Wilton silt loam (fine-silty, mixed, superactive, frigid Pachic Haplustolls) at Location 2. In space-plant tests, S₁ family means for dry matter yield averaged 52% of OP family means, indicating high levels of inbreeding depression. In solid-seeded tests, yield differences between S₁– and OP-derived synthetic populations were significant (P 0.05) for only one comparison. On the basis of three distinct source populations, we found that S₁ and OP families were both effective when used as the selection unit to choose high yielding parents for synthetic populations. Additional resources required to produce and evaluate S₁ families over OP families could not be justified in the crested wheatgrass source populations evaluated in this study.

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Crop Science 2004 44: 707-710. [Full Text]