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CROP BREEDING, GENETICS & CYTOLOGY

The Effect of Grafting on the Flowering of Near-Isogenic Lines of Soybean

Dep. of Horticulture and Crop Science, Ohio Agric. Res. and Dev. Ctr., The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH 43210-1086

^* Corresponding author (stmartin+{at}osu.edu).

Grafting of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] genotypes differing in time to flower has been used to study translocation of flowering hormones and also as a tool to facilitate crossing. Our objective was to use Y-shaped, grafted soybean plants to examine the mobility of the flowering stimulus. We grafted plants of ‘Harosoy’ (L58-266, homozygous for the e₁e₂E₃e₅ genotype) and four isolines of Harosoy [L62-667 (e₁e₂e₃e₅), L71-802 (E₁e₂e₃e₅), L84-307 (e₁E₂e₃e₅), and L84-337 (e₁e₂e₃E₅)], differing by single maturity genes. The scion was reciprocally grafted on one of the branches, leaving the second branch as a stock. Ungrafted and self-grafted controls were included, and plants were grown in growth chambers under short- (12-h) and long-day (20-h) photoperiods. All treatments flowered at the same time under short-day photoperiod. Under long-day photoperiod, the greatest delay of flowering was observed in lines containing the E₁ and E₃ alleles. The stock and scion flowered independently of each other and no stock x scion interaction occurred. Hypothesizing that leaving full foliage on the plants could have been a reason for the lack of mutual effect of scion and stock, we performed a second experiment where one, two, four, eight, and all leaves were maintained on the scion. The scion and stock affected each other only slightly, and only when one or two leaves were present on a scion. The location of the first flowering node suggested the promotion of flowering in the isogenic line containing the late E₃ allele.