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CROP BREEDING, GENETICS & CYTOLOGY

Morphological Comparison of Progeny Derived from 4x-2x and 4x-4x Hybridizations of Lotus glaber Mill. and L. corniculatus L.

^a USDA-ARS, Plant Genetics Res. Unit, Univ. of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
^b USDA-ARS, National Forage Seed Production Res. Center, Corvallis, OR 97331
^c Livestock Res. Inst., Grass and Forage Division, KyunSunGu Suwon, Korea 441-350

^* Corresponding author(beuselinckp{at}missouri.edu).

Unreduced gametes (2n gametes) from Lotus glaber Mill. (2n = 2x = 12) may aid intercrossing with L. corniculatus L. (2n = 4x = 24) to produce progeny with a greater heterotic advantage than progeny derived from colchicine-induced {7-acetamido-6,7-dihydro-1,2,3,10-tetramethoxybenzo[a]heptalen-9(5H)-one} tetraploid (4x) L. glaber. The objective of this research was to compare progeny produced from 4x with 2x (4x-2x) and 4x with 4x (4x-4x) crosses and determine if 2n gametes had a heterotic advantage over normal gametes derived from colchicine-induced tetraploids. Vegetative cuttings of the 2n-gamete-producing L. glaber genotype 204882-1 (2x 204882-1) were treated with colchicine and successfully yielded an autotetraploid (2n = 4x = 24) of 204882-1 (4x 204882-1). Three randomly chosen genotypes from the L. corniculatus germplasm MU-81 were used as maternal parents in crosses to 2x 204882-1 and 4x 204882-1. Progeny produced from 4x-2x crosses were intermediate to or larger than their parents in their leaf and flower morphology. Progeny from 4x-4x crosses were intermediate to or smaller than their parents in leaf and flower size. Size of leaves and flowers of progeny from 4x-2x crosses were similar to or larger than 4x-4x progeny. Morphological comparisons demonstrated that heterotic expression of progeny from 4x-2x crosses was greater than progeny from 4x-4x crosses. The results indicate that the generation of interspecific L. corniculatus x L. glaber hybrids via 2n pollen to be effective, but a means of exploiting any heterotic advantage in these cross-pollinated species needs to be identified.

Abbreviations: RAPD, random amplified polymorphic DNA