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CROP ECOLOGY, MANAGEMENT & QUALITY

Effect of Crop Rotation and Cultivar Resistance on Seed Yield and the Soybean Cyst Nematode in Full-Season and Double-Cropped Soybean

^a Kansas State Univ., Southeast Agricultural Research Center, P.O. Box 316, Parsons, KS 67357
^b Dep. of Plant Pathology, Throckmorton Hall, Kansas State Univ., Manhattan, KS 66506

* Corresponding author (jlong{at}oznet.ksu.edu)

Soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) can cause considerable damage to soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], especially in western USA growing areas that are newly infested. The objective of this study was to find cultural practices that reduce cyst nematode effect on soybean in this region. Four management systems, one having continuous susceptible soybean, a second consisting of a 3-yr rotation with 2 yr of a nonhost crop followed by susceptible soybean, and two 4-yr rotations alternating a susceptible and resistant cultivar with non-host crops, were investigated at nematode-infested and noninfested locations. One 4-yr rotation had full-season soybean while the other had double-crop soybean. Data included soybean seed yield, yield components, and cyst nematode egg density. Grain yields of full-season, SCN-susceptible ‘Stafford’ were similar in all rotations at each location. Nonhost crops reduced nematode densities from 4000 eggs 100 cm^-3 in continuously cropped SCN-susceptible plots to 1000 and 500 eggs 100 cm^-3 in 3- and 4-yr rotations, respectively. However, nematode numbers rapidly increased to more than 5000 eggs 100 cm^-3 by seasons end when susceptible soybean was grown. The SCN-susceptible cultivar produced 33% less grain and pods than did the SCN-resistant cultivar, Manokin, at the infested location while the cultivars yielded similarly at the noninfested site. Full-season and double-cropped soybean reacted similarly to SCN. Crop rotation reduced cyst nematode numbers, but this benefit did not reduce yield losses on subsequent SCN-susceptible soybean as numbers rapidly climbed to damaging levels.

Abbreviations: Pi, Pf, number of encysted eggs and juveniles per 100 cm³ soil at planting and harvest, respectively

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