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CROP BREEDING, GENETICS & CYTOLOGY

Inheritance and Genetic Relationships of the D8 and D2-2 Restorer Genes for Cotton Cytoplasmic Male Sterility

Dep. of Crop, Soil & Environmental Sciences, Univ. of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701

Corresponding author (jstewart{at}uark.edu)

In cotton, cytoplasmic male sterility conditioned by the D₈ alloplasm (CMS-D8) is independently restored to fertility by its specific D₈ restorer (D8R) and by the D₂ restorer (D2R) that was developed for the D₂ cytoplasmic male sterile alloplasm (CMS-D2). However, knowledge of the relationship between the two restorer genes is lacking. The objectives of these studies were to determine the inheritance and genetic relationship between D2R and D8R. A series of intercrosses and test crosses were used to determine the inheritance and relationships. CMS-D2 lines crossed with D8R resulted in all sterile F₁ plants, confirming that the D8 restorer gene does not suppress D₂ cytoplasmic dysfunction. A segregation ratio of one fertile to one sterile in three testcross combinations revealed that D2R contained one restorer gene, Rf, for both CMS-D8 and CMS-D2. The Rf gene functioned sporophytically, whereas the D8R gene is known to function gametophytically. However, Rf pollen with the D₈ or D₂ cytoplasm was preferentially effective in fertilization based on the low number of sterile plants obtained when alloplasmic F₁ plants were self-pollinated or used as the pollen-parent in crosses with CMS-D8. In tests for allelism only 8 sterile plants out of 1921 were obtained in two testcrosses of (D8R x D2R)F₁ x normal cotton. Thus, the two restorer loci are not allelic but are tightly linked with an average genetic distance of 0.93 cM. The D₂ gene Rf is redesignated Rf₁, and Rf₂ is assigned to the D₈ restorer gene.

Abbreviations: CMS, cytoplasmic male sterility • RFLP, restriction fragment length polymorphism

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