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CROP BREEDING, GENETICS & CYTOLOGY

CMS-D8 Restoration in Cotton Is Conditioned by One Dominant Gene

Dep. of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, Univ. of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701

Corresponding author (jstewart{at}uark.edu)

Cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS-D8) and fertile restorer lines (D8R) of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) (AD₁) were developed by transferring the cytoplasm and nuclear gene(s) from G. trilobum (DC.) Skovst. (D₈) into the cotton nuclear background. Understanding the genetics of fertility restoration in this CMS system is essential for its use in a hybrid breeding system. The objective of this investigation was to determine the mode of inheritance of D8R restoration to CMS-D8. The experimental approach involved a series of crossing schemes involving nuclear permutations among the AD₁ and D₈ alloplasms. Eighteen normal genotypes did not restore fertility to the CMS-D8 (A line) and could be used as maintainer (B) lines. D8R crossed as female with B lines yielded F₁ and F₂ populations with all fertile plants. F₁ pollen also produced all fertile progeny in crosses on A lines. Thus, the D8 restorer functions at the gametophytic level. When heterozygous restored plants were pollinated with B lines, or when reciprocal F₁'s with normal cytoplasm were crossed as male with the A line, the progeny ratio was one fertile to one sterile. A 3:1 ratio was obtained when restored F₁ plants with D₈ cytoplasm were pollinated by their reciprocal F₁'s with normal cytoplasm. Accordingly, restoration of CMS-D8 by the D8R restorer is conditioned by a single dominant gene (Rf₂). The genotypes for A, B, and D8R lines in the CMS-D8 system are designated S (rf₂rf₂), N (rf₂rf₂), and S (Rf₂Rf₂), respectively. This gametophytic restoration system is potentially useful for utilizing F₂ heterosis in cotton.

Abbreviations: CMS, cytoplasmic male sterility • FCR, fluorochrome reaction

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