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CROP ECOLOGY, MANAGEMENT & QUALITY

Remote Sensing of Biomass and Yield of Winter Wheat under Different Nitrogen Supplies

Centre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions Forestals, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain

l.serrano{at}creaf.uab.es

Vegetation indices derived from reflectance data are related to canopy variables such as aboveground biomass, leaf area index (LAI), and the fraction of intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (fIPAR). However, under N stress the relationships between vegetation indices (VI) and these canopy variables might be confounded due to plant chlorosis. We studied the relationships between reflectance-based VI and canopy variables (aboveground biomass, LAI canopy chlorophyll A content [LAI x Chl A], and fIPAR) for a wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crop growing under different N supplies. Nitrogen fertilization promoted significant increases in radiation interception (plant growth) and, to a lesser extent, in radiation use efficiency (RUE). The VI vs. LAI relationships varied significantly among treatments, rendering the VI-based equations unreliable to estimate LAI under contrasting N conditions. However, a single relationship emerged when LAI x Chl A was considered. Moreover, VI were robust indicators of fIPAR by green canopy components independently of N treatment and phenology. Aboveground biomass was poorly correlated with grain yield, whereas cumulative VI simple ratio (SR) was a good predictor of grain yield, probably because cumulative SR closely tracked the duration and intensity of the canopy photosynthetic capacity.

Abbreviations: ANCOVA, analysis of covariance • ANOVA, analysis of variance • Chl, chlorophyll • DAS, days after sowing • FAPAR, fractional absorbed PAR • fIPAR, fractional intercepted PAR • LAI, leaf area index • LAI x Chl A, canopy chlorophyll A content • NDVI, normalized difference vegetation index • NIR, near-infrared • PAR, photosynthetic active radiation • RUE, radiation use efficiency • SEM, standard error of the mean • SR, simple ratio • VI, vegetation indices • SR, cumulative simple ratio

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