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CROP PHYSIOLOGY & METABOLISM

Effects of Phosphorus and Water Supply on Yield, Transpirational Water-Use Efficiency, and Carbon Isotope Discrimination of Pearl Millet

^a Institute of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Univ. of Kiel, Olshausenstr. 40, 24118 Kiel, Germany
^b Oregon State Univ., Columbia Basin Agric. Res. Center, P.O. 370, Pendleton, OR 97801 USA

hbrueck{at}plantnutrition.uni-kiel.de

Several studies have identified low soil P and water availability as major constraints to pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] production in semi-arid West Africa. To evaluate the effects of phosphate and water supply on yield, transpirational water-use efficiency (WUE_T), and carbon-isotope discrimination (), two varieties of pearl millet were cultivated in pots in a glasshouse at the ICRISAT Sahelian Centre, near Niamey, Niger. Phosphate and water supply had significant effects on yield, WUE_T, and . Compared with the control plants, which had adequate water and P availability, yield was reduced 34% by low water supply and 48% by low P supply. Under high P-supply, water stress increased WUE_T by approximately 37%. Under low P-supply, no effect of water supply on WUE_T was observed. Water stress increased by approximately 0.6 for low P plants, and 0.9 for high P plants. Added P increased by 0.3 to 0.4. WUE_T and did not differ significantly between varieties. Differences in between green and necrotic leaves were found within both P treatments under low water supply. We attribute changes in to changes in the ratio of external to internal concentration of CO₂, (p_i/p_a), leakage rates of CO₂ out of bundle-sheath cells, respiration rates, or chemical composition of the plant material.

Abbreviations: DAS, days after sowing • DM, dry matter • Rubisco, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase • PEPC, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase • WUE_T,S, transpirational water-use efficiency, based on shoot dry matter • WUE_T,SR, transpirational water-use efficiency, based on shoot and root dry matter • , carbon-isotope discrimination • p_i/p_a, ratio of external to internal concentration of CO₂

This article has been cited by other articles:

				W. A. Payne Optimizing Crop Water Use in Sparse Stands of Pearl Millet Agron. J., September 1, 2000; 92(5): 808 - 814. [Abstract] [Full Text]