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Heritability of Lipase Activity of Oat Caryopses

Dep. of Agronomy;

E. G. Hammond

Dep. of Food Science and Human Nutrition and Center for Crops Utilization Research, Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA 50011.

^* Corresponding author (jbhollan{at}iastate.edu).

Oat (Avena sativa L.) is a potentially economically viable source of lipase, an enzyme used in foods, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals, which occurs on the surface of oat caryopses (groats). The objectives of this study were to: (i) estimate the broad-sense heritability of the lipase activity of oat caryopses, (ii) determine the genetic and phenotypic correlations between lipase activity and other important agronomic traits, and (iii) test whether five cycles of recurrent selection for test weight caused a correlated response in lipase activity. Entries included 10 check cultivars, 95 randomly chosen S₀-derived lines from the initial cycle (C0), and 19 S₀-derived lines from C5 of a population developed by randomly mating oat cultivars and lines adapted to the midwestern USA. Entries were grown at three Iowa locations in 1996 and 1997. Broad-sense heritability estimates for lipase activity were 0.22 on a sample basis in the population, and 0.63 on a line-mean basis. Lipase activity had positive genetic correlations with total biomass (r = 0.31), heading date (r = 0.53), and plant height (r = 0.58), positive phenotypic correlations with heading date (r = 0.18) and plant height (r = 0.26), and negative phenotypic correlations with biomass (r = –0.13), test weight (r = –0.30), weight of 50 seeds (r = –0.18), weight of 50 groats (r = –0.40), and groat percentage (r = –0.34). The C0 and C5 populations did not differ for mean lipase activity, indicating that selection for increased test weight did not affect lipase activity. We suggest that selection for cultivars with higher lipase activity and acceptable grain quality is possible.

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