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Inheritance of Resistance to Orobanche cernua Loefl. in Six Sunflower Lines

Dep. of Crop and Environmental Sciences, 338 Smyth Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061
Departamento de Protección de Cultivos
Departamento de Mejora y Agronomía, Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible, CSIC, Apdo. 4084, 14080, Córdoba, Spain

^* Corresponding author(cs9femaj{at}uco.es).

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is severely affected by broomrape (Orobanche cernua Loefl.) in the main crop areas of the Old World. The appearance of new virulent broomrape populations has prompted the search for new sources of resistance. The objectives of this study were to elucidate the inheritance of sources of resistance from different origins and to determine allelic relationships between the resistance genes. Six resistant sunflower lines (one of them with resistance gene Or₅), two susceptible lines, the F₁ crosses between resistant and susceptible lines and resistant and resistant lines, and the F₂ and BC₁ generations were evaluated for broomrape resistance with the widespread highly virulent population SE 194. Genetic ratios from segregating generations indicated that resistance to 0. cernua in these lines was conferred by a single dominant gene. None of the crosses between resistant lines produced susceptible F2 or BC1 plants. However, the reaction of the resistant lines to broomrape populations from different areas and years showed differences to new highly virulent populations. Only two lines were resistant to all populations, indicating that resistance in these lines was conferred by additional dominant alleles at the Or locus or by a cluster of very tightly linked non-allelic genes. The resistance found in the two cultivated lines against the new populations, which overcome the Or, resistance gene, is an important finding and will aid the development of new resistant cultivars since the current resistant hybrids are based on this gene. Results from this study can also be used to establish differential lines against the new broomrape populations.

Received for publication March 26, 1998.

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