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Genetic Control of a Photoperiod-Sensitive Response in Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench

Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX 77843-2474

^* Corresponding author (wlr{at}tamu.edu).

Photoperiod-sensitive (PS) sorghums (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) are not uncommon, but the production of a PS hybrid from two photoperiod insensitive (PI) lines is unusual. The inbred line EBA-3 is PI, but F₁ hybrids of EBA-3 with most other PI inbreds are PS and will not initiate floral development until daylengths are <12 h and 20 min. The objective of this study was to determine the inheritance of the PS response. Ten PI inbred lines were crossed as females with EBA-3 by hand emasculation and pollination. F₁ and F₂ populations were evaluated for photoperiod response as indicated by flowering date in plantings at College Station and Halfway, TX. F_2:3 progeny for two of the crosses plus two testcrosses were used to confirm F₂ segregation data. Nine of ten F₁ progeny were strongly PS. Plants in nine F₂ populations segregated for photoperiod response. Segregation in eight of the F₂ populations fit a 9:7 PS/PI ratio, indicating that two independent gene loci were interacting in complementary dominant epistasis. Evaluation of crosses between EBA-3 and maturity standards for the Ma₁, Ma₂, Ma₃, and Ma₄ loci indicated that the loci responsible for this photoperiod sensitivity are different from previously characterized loci. The gene symbols proposed for these two loci are Ma₅ and Ma₆.

Received for publication March 13, 1998.

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