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Recovery of Photosynthesis after Environmental Stress in Soybean Grown under Elevated CO₂

Plant Environment Lab., Dep. of Agriculture, Univ. of Reading, Cutbush Lane, Shinfield, Reading RG2 9AD, UK

P. Hadley and R. H. Ellis

Dep. of Horticulture and Landscape, The Univ. of Reading, Plant Science Lab., Whiteknights, P.O. Box 221, Reading RG66AS, UK
Plant Environment Lab., Dep. of Agriculture, Univ. of Reading, Cutbush Lane, Shinfield, Reading RG2 9AD, UK

^* Corresponding author (r.ferris{at}reading.ac.uk).

Episodes of high temperature and water deficit may be more frequent under predicted future climates of warmer mean temperatures and elevated CO₂. This study investigated whether the effects of an episode of high air temperature (HT, 43°C as a daily maximum), water deficit (WD), or both, had the same effect on the recovery photosynthesis and on leaf water relations of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr., cv. Fiskeby V] grown at ambient CO₂ (aCO₂) or elevated CO₂ (eCO₂). An 8-d period of HT, WD, or both (HTWD) were imposed during early seed filling of soybean grown in glasshouses at either 362 or 685 ;µmol mo1^–1 CO₂. Photosynthesis (Amax), stomatal conductance (g₅), and water relations were measured in fully expanded upper-canopy leaves. Immediately after the 8-d treatments at 60 d after sowing (DAS), Amax was reduced by 31, 48, and 64% in aCO₂ and by 28, 39, and 49% in eCO₂ under HT, WD, and HTWD, respectively, but no significant interactions were detected. At 60 DAS, g₅ was reduced by WD and HTWD in aCO₂ but not by HT while there was little change in g₅ by WD, HT, and HTWD under eCO₂. Amax fully recovered under WD in eCO₂ by 66 DAS, while Amax remained reduced under WD in aCO₂. Under each CO₂ concentration, almost full recovery of Amax occurred under HT by 75 DAS but under HTWD Amax never attained control values. At 60 DAS, early morning leaf water potential () was lower after HT, WD, and HTWD and Amax was a negative function of , at each CO₂ concentration. The results suggest that full recovery of Amax from WD was only possible under eCO₂, because at aCO₂, immediately after the stress episode, was below the threshold for chloroplast damage.

Received for publication August 11, 1997.

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